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Math · Fractions & Decimals
Understanding Fractions
A fraction names a part of a whole. The bottom tells how many equal parts the whole is split into; the top tells how many you have.
🧩The Parts of a Fraction
TOPThe numerator counts how many equal parts you have (here, 3 shaded slices).
BOTTOMThe denominator says how many equal parts make the whole (here, 8 slices).
🍕Worked Example: Share the Pizza
1
Cut into 8 equal slices. That 8 is the denominator.
2
Take 3 slices. That 3 is the numerator.
3
Write it as numerator over denominator.
You ate 3/8 of the pizza! 🍕
⚖️Equivalent Fractions
Same shaded length → 1⁄2 = 2⁄4 = 4⁄8 ✔
📏Fractions on a Number Line
🔍Proper vs. Improper
✅Proper Fraction
Top is smaller than the bottom, so the value is less than 1 whole.
➕Improper Fraction
Top is bigger (or equal), so the value is 1 whole or more — it can become a mixed number.
🔑Key Terms
🍰Fraction A number that names a part of a whole or a group.
🔼Numerator The TOP number — how many equal parts you have.
🔽Denominator The BOTTOM number — how many equal parts the whole has.
🟰Equivalent Fraction Fractions that look different but are the same amount.
1️⃣Unit Fraction A fraction with a numerator of 1, like 1⁄8.
🔢Mixed Number A whole number combined with a proper fraction, like 1¼.
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Remember: a fraction only works when the whole is split into EQUAL parts — the bottom counts the parts, the top counts how many you have!